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目的了解河北省出生缺陷发生率、主要出生缺陷病种及变化趋势。方法采用回顾性分析方法,对河北省2001-2012年1 202 291例围产儿出生缺陷监测资料进行分析。结果 1)12年间出生缺陷发生率从2001年的72.76/104上升到2012年的103.44/104,上升了42.17%;2)主要出生缺陷顺位依次为先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、总唇裂、外耳其他畸形、先天性脑积水、神经管缺陷;3)出生缺陷存在城乡、男女差别,城市明显高于农村(P<0.01),男性明显高于女性(P<0.01);4)出生缺陷发生与母亲的年龄有关,以25～30岁出生缺陷发生率最低。结论出生缺陷发生率呈逐渐升高趋势,婚前医学检查率和产前筛查率低、孕母高龄/低龄及环境因素是导致出生缺陷发生率升高的重要原因。
Objective To understand the incidence of birth defects, the main types of birth defects and their changing trends in Hebei Province. Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the data of 1 202 291 cases of perinatal birth defects in Hebei Province from 2001 to 2012. Results 1) The incidence of birth defects in 12 years increased from 72.76 / 104 in 2001 to 103.44 / 104 in 2012, up by 42.17%. 2) The major birth defects followed by congenital heart disease, multi-digit, Total cleft lip, other malformations of the external ear, congenital hydrocephalus and neural tube defects; 3) birth defects exist in urban and rural areas, and there is a significant difference between men and women in urban areas, significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas (P <0.01); 4 ) Birth defects occur with the mother’s age, with 25 to 30-year-old birth defects the lowest incidence. Conclusions The incidence of birth defects is gradually increasing. Premarital medical examination rate and prenatal screening rate are low. Pregnant aged / younger age and environmental factors are the important reasons leading to the increased incidence of birth defects.