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目的:通过描述2010年北京市手足口病死亡病例的流行病学特点和临床特点,分析手足口病重症病例发生死亡的危险因素,为防制手足口病,减少手足口病的死亡提供科学依据。方法:采用现况描述及病例对照研究的方法,对2010年北京市手足口病死亡病例的特点进行分析。结果:2010年北京市共报告18例手足口病死亡病例,88.9%分布在5-8月份;死亡病例的男女比例为3.5:1;年龄均小于4岁;流动人口聚集区的死亡病例较多;散居儿童及外地户籍儿童比例高,分别为83.3%和94.4%。死亡病例均出现出疹、发热及神经精神系统症状,整体精神状况,呼吸功能指标以及循环系统受累明显。与重症痊愈病例相比,感染EV71型病毒是发生死亡的危险因素(x2=4.774,P=0.029)。结论:手足口病死亡病例分布与重症病例分布基本一致。应对流动人口聚集地区的4岁以下婴幼儿重症病例进行重点防控。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical characteristics of HFMD deaths in Beijing in 2010, and to analyze the risk factors of death in HFMD and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease and the reduction of hand-foot-mouth disease death . Methods: The current situation and case-control studies were used to analyze the characteristics of death from hand-foot-mouth disease in Beijing in 2010. Results: In 2010, a total of 18 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Beijing, 88.9% of them were in the period of May-August. The male-female ratio of death was 3.5: 1, all less than 4 years old. There were more deaths in floating population area While the proportion of children living in dilapidated homes and overseas children is 83.3% and 94.4% respectively. Death cases were rash, fever and neuropsychiatric symptoms, the overall mental state, respiratory function and circulatory system involvement significantly. Infection with EV71 was a risk factor for death (x2 = 4.774, P = 0.029) as compared with those of patients who were cured of severe illness. Conclusion: The distribution of deaths of hand-foot-mouth disease is consistent with the distribution of severe cases. Priority should be given to prevention and control of severe cases of infants under 4 years of age in areas where floating population is concentrated.