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DNA甲基化是基因转录的一个重要调节方式。在肿瘤形成过程中,甲基化发生较早,而且能够通过体液检测,因此可能在肿瘤的早期诊断与预后评估中具有潜在的价值。DNA甲基化是可逆的,5氮杂胞苷以及组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂等药物已经用于许多肿瘤的治疗中。新的去甲基化方法如反义DNA甲基转移酶、siRNA等使得DNA甲基化的研究领域更为宽广。本文就近年来尿路上皮肿瘤中DNA甲基化的研究作一简要综述。
DNA methylation is an important regulator of gene transcription. In the process of tumorigenesis, methylation occurs earlier and can be detected by body fluid, which may have potential value in the early diagnosis and prognosis of tumor. DNA methylation is reversible and drugs such as 5-azacytidine and histone deacetylase inhibitors have been used in the treatment of many tumors. New demethylation methods such as antisense DNA methyltransferase, siRNA and so on DNA methylation of the broader field of research. In this paper, we summarize the research of DNA methylation in urothelial tumors in recent years.