论文部分内容阅读
DNA条形码(DNA barcode)基于一段相对较短的线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶I基因(COI),根据遗传距离的差异进行物种鉴定,具有不受发育状态和标本保存情况的限制、简便易行、快速准确等优势,在多种生物中得到广泛应用。医学媒介生物的准确鉴定是虫媒病防控的基础和关键。基于形态特征的传统鉴定方法对技术人员有着极高的要求,除了受分类专家主观认识的影响外,也易受标本保存情况、样品的发育阶段等多种客观因素的限制。DNA条形码技术的出现弥补了形态学鉴定方法的不足,为媒介生物的鉴定提供了的途径,在虫媒病的防控、口岸检验检疫等方面发挥了重要作用。本文基于目前的研究综述了DNA条形码技术在主要医学媒介生物蚊、蝇、蜱、蟑螂、蠓、白蛉、鼠鉴定中的应用,以期为该技术在其它医学媒介生物种类鉴定中的应用和推广提供参考。
DNA barcodes are based on a relatively short mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI), which allows for species identification based on differences in genetic distance, is not subject to developmental conditions and specimen preservation, and is simple, fast, and fast Accurate and other advantages, widely used in a variety of organisms. The accurate identification of medical vector organisms is the basis and key of prevention and control of arboviral vectors. Traditional identification methods based on morphological characteristics have very high requirements on technical personnel. In addition to the subjective knowledge of classification experts, they are also susceptible to many objective factors such as the preservation of specimens and the developmental stages of samples. The emergence of DNA barcoding technology has made up for the deficiency of morphological identification methods and provided a way for the identification of vector organisms. It plays an important role in the prevention and control of arbovirus and the inspection and quarantine of ports. Based on the current research, this article reviews the application of DNA barcoding technology in the identification of mosquitoes, flies, ticks, cockroaches, slugs, catfish, rats in major medical vectors in order to promote the application of this technology in the identification of other medical vector organisms for reference.