一、对农村流通体制改革的回顾 党的十一届三中全会以来,随着我国农村流通领域一系列改革政策的贯彻落实,打破了国合商业独家经营模式;恢复了供销合作社的民办性质;组建了农村集市贸易和交易市场;调整了农副产品购销政策、购销形式,扩大了市场调节范围。农村流通领域出现了多种经济成分,多条流通渠道,多种经营方式的新格局,促进了生产,繁荣了市场。与此同时,农村流通领域各种“大战”此伏彼起,农产品市场价格暴涨,经营环节增多,买难卖难,经营效益下跌。诸种现象重叠在一起,构成了农村市场主体模糊、经营无序、价格扭曲、混乱的局面。有些是改革过程中难免出现的问题,有些是政策不完善和措施不配套,有些则是某些失误诱发出来的。 I. Review of the Reform of Rural Distribution System Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, following the implementation of a series of reform policies in rural circulation in China, the country’s commercial exclusive business model has been broken, and the private nature of supply and marketing cooperatives has been restored. Established rural fair trade and trading markets; adjusted purchase and sales policies of agricultural and sideline products, purchase and sales forms, and expanded the scope of market adjustment. The circulation of rural areas has witnessed a variety of economic components, multiple circulation channels, and a new pattern of diversified management methods that have promoted production and prospered the market. At the same time, various “wars” in rural circulation have risen one after another, the prices of agricultural products have skyrocketed, operating links have increased, and it has been difficult to buy and sell, and operating efficiency has fallen. The overlapping of various phenomena constitutes a situation in which rural market entities are subject to ambiguity, disorderly management, price distortion, and confusion. Some are problems that will inevitably arise during the reform process. Some of them are incomplete policies and measures, while others are induced by certain mistakes.