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目的探讨先天性心脏病的类型,对先天性心脏病残儿家庭再生育进行指导。方法对重庆地区2010-2011年4279例病残儿鉴定中确诊的394例先天性心脏病残儿的类型及合并其他先天性畸形的情况进行统计分析。结果本研究先天性心脏畸形分类前5位类型为室间隔缺损(36.29%)、房间隔缺损(20.56%)、复杂型心脏病(含法洛四联症)(19.29%)、动脉导管未闭(8.88%)、房间隔缺损合并室间隔缺损(7.61%)。复合畸形117例,占心脏畸形29.70%,以法洛四联症和房间隔缺损合并室间隔缺损居多。此外,有13例患儿除了患有先天性心脏病外还合并了其他先天畸形。结论再生育家庭患儿的医学鉴定及父母的再生育指导和监督,对降低出生缺陷再发生,提高出生人口素质具有重大现实意义。
Objective To explore the types of congenital heart disease and to guide the re-birth of disabled children in congenital heart disease. Methods The types of 394 cases of congenital heart disease and the diagnosis of congenital malformations in 4279 cases of disabled children from 2010-2011 in Chongqing were analyzed statistically. Results The first five types of congenital heart malformation were ventricular septal defect (36.29%), atrial septal defect (20.56%), complex heart disease (tetralogy of Fallot) (19.29%), patent ductus arteriosus (8.88%), atrial septal defect with ventricular septal defect (7.61%). 117 cases of composite deformity, accounting for 29.70% of cardiac malformations, with tetralogy of Fallot and atrial septal defect with ventricular septal defect mostly. In addition, 13 children had other congenital malformations in addition to congenital heart disease. Conclusion The medical identification of children with re-fertility family and the guidance and supervision of their parents on reproduction are of great practical significance in reducing the recurrence of birth defects and improving the quality of birth population.