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目的：探讨胸膜腔内注入冷沉淀能否降低自发性气胸的同侧复发率。方法：３年间采用随机法将６６例自发性气胸分为粘连组３４例，给予冷沉淀２Ｕ（４０ｍｌ）胸膜腔注入；对照组３２例，单纯行胸腔闭式引流治疗。于第３年随访，对其症状、体征、胸部Ｘ线及肺功能检查，平均随访期（２３．６±９．１）月。结果：胸膜腔内注入冷沉淀无明显不良反应，胸部Ｘ线检查未提示胸膜增厚，各组１０例特发性气胸（随访在１年以上）的肺功能检查比较无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；粘连组与对照组的复发率分别为６．９％（２／２９）和３７％（１０／２７），有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：胸膜腔内注入冷沉淀能有效地降低同侧气胸的复发率，且不会导致限制性肺功能障碍。既适用于特发性、初发性气胸，也适用于继发性、复发性气胸，对于难治性气胸和年老体弱、肺功能差者也可作为一种选择性治疗
Objective: To investigate whether intrapleural injection of cryoprecipitate can reduce ipsilateral recurrence rate of spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods: Sixty-three cases of spontaneous pneumothorax were divided into adhesion group (34 cases) by randomization in 3 years, 2U (40ml) pleural cavity was injected with cryoprecipitate, and 32 cases in control group were treated by thoracic closed drainage. At the third year of follow-up, their symptoms, signs, chest X-ray and pulmonary function tests were followed up for an average of 23.6 ± 9.1 months. Results: Pleural cavity injection of cryoprecipitate showed no significant adverse reactions, thoracic X-ray examination did not prompt pleural thickening, each group of 10 patients with idiopathic pneumothorax (follow-up of more than 1 year) pulmonary function tests showed no significant difference (P> 0 .05). The recurrence rates of adhesion group and control group were 6.9% (2/29) and 37% (10/27) respectively, with significant difference (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Intrapleural injection of cryoprecipitate is effective in reducing the recurrence rate of the ipsilateral pneumothorax and does not result in restrictive pulmonary dysfunction. Not only for idiopathic, primary pneumothorax, but also for secondary, recurrent pneumothorax, for refractory pneumothorax and frail, poor lung function can also be used as a selective treatment