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目的分析血清表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在乳腺癌手术前后的表达水平变化及临床意义。方法选择新昌县人民医院病理诊断为乳腺癌患者42例和正常女性30人作为研究对象,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定手术前1周,术后1周、1个月及6个月乳腺癌患者与同期正常女性血清EGFR和VEGF表达水平,分析其与患者临床病理参数及生存时间的关系。结果乳腺癌患者血清EGFR表达水平和VEGF表达水平呈正相关(r=0.728,P<0.01)。乳腺癌患者术前血清EGFR和VEGF表达水平高于正常者(P<0.05);患者血清EGFR和VEGF表达水平与肿瘤大小、TNM分期、病理类型和淋巴结转移等因素有关(P<0.05),而与年龄无关(P>0.05);与术前相比,术后1周、1个月和6个月血清EGFR和VEGF表达水平均明显降低(P<0.05)。术前VEGF高表达组3年生存率为37.5%,低于低表达组的71.4%(P<0.05);EGFR高表达组3年生存率为23.1%,低于低表达组的75.0%(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者血清EGFR和VEGF表达水平在乳腺癌手术后明显下降,可作为判断手术治疗效果的重要指标。
Objective To analyze the changes and clinical significance of the expression of serum epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in breast cancer before and after operation. Methods 42 cases of breast cancer patients and 30 normal women were selected as the research objects in Xinchang County People’s Hospital. One week before surgery, one week, one month and six months after operation were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) The serum levels of EGFR and VEGF in breast cancer patients and normal women at the same period were analyzed, and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters and survival time were analyzed. Results The serum level of EGFR in breast cancer patients was positively correlated with the expression of VEGF (r = 0.728, P <0.01). The serum levels of EGFR and VEGF in breast cancer patients were significantly higher than those in normal controls (P <0.05). The serum levels of EGFR and VEGF were correlated with tumor size, TNM stage, pathological type and lymph node metastasis (P <0.05) (P <0.05). Compared with preoperative, the expression of EGFR and VEGF in serum decreased significantly at 1 week, 1 month and 6 months after operation (P <0.05). The 3-year survival rate was 37.5% in preoperative VEGF group, which was lower than 71.4% in low expression group (P <0.05). The 3-year survival rate in high EGFR expression group was 23.1%, which was lower than 75.0% in low expression group <0.05). Conclusion The serum levels of EGFR and VEGF in breast cancer patients decreased significantly after breast cancer surgery, which may be used as an important index to judge the effect of surgical treatment.