明末清初天学在中国的传播 ,经历了由兴而衰的过程。其兴盛 ,一 )是由于利玛窦等人所奉行的天学适应华夏文化 ,尤其是儒家文化的调和主义策略 ;二 )是由于利玛窦等人的适应“儒家”策略对华夏士人自我中心主义心态的满足。其衰微 ,一 )是由于利玛窦等人适应策略的动机毕竟是在华夏最终普布基督教 ,实现儒家基督教化 ;二 )是由于适应策略和华夏文化语境与基督教自身的纯洁性之间的矛盾 The spread of the Heavenly Science in China during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties experienced the process of decline from prosperity to decline. Its prosperity, a) due to Ricci et al.’s adaptation to Huaxia culture, especially the Confucianist culture; and (2) due to Ricci and others’ adaptation to the “Confucian” Center of the mentality of satisfaction. The decay, a) is due to the motivation of Matteo Ricci and others to adapt to the strategy, after all, to finally popularize Christianity in China and achieve Confucian Christianization. Second, due to adaptation strategies and the purity of the Chinese cultural context and Christianity contradiction