目的　探讨原发性脾脏肿瘤的临床诊断和治疗。方法　回顾分析 1970年 1月至 2 0 0 4年 4月中国医科大学附属第一医院手术治疗 2 6例原发性脾肿瘤的临床资料。结果　 2 6例病人中良性 14例 ,恶性 12例。 14例良性肿瘤中 12例行脾切除术 ,2例行脾部分切除术。 12例恶性肿瘤中 8例行脾切除术 ,1例因肿瘤自发性破裂行脾切除及腹腔引流术 ,1例行姑息性肿瘤切除 ,1例因肿瘤坏死感染行引流术 ,1例行脾联合胰体尾切除。结论　影像学检查是诊断脾肿瘤的主要方法。脾良性肿瘤可根据情况行脾切除或脾部分切除术 ,恶性肿瘤应采用以手术为主的综合治疗。 Objective To investigate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of primary spleen tumors. Methods The clinical data of 26 cases of primary splenic tumors surgically treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January 1970 to April 2004 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among 26 cases, 14 were benign and 12 were malignant. Of the 14 benign tumors, 12 underwent splenectomy and 2 underwent partial splenectomy. Spleen resection was performed in 8 of 12 malignant tumors, splenectomy and abdominal drainage in 1 patient due to spontaneous rupture of the tumor, 1 patient underwent palliative resection, 1 patient underwent drainage due to tumor necrosis, 1 patient underwent splenectomy Pancreatic body tail resection. Conclusion Imaging examination is the main method of diagnosis of splenic tumor. Spleen benign tumors may be splenectomy or splenectomy according to the circumstances, malignant tumors should be based on surgery-based comprehensive treatment.