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本文分析了儿童,青少年鼻咽恶性肿瘤143例的临床表现、疗效及远期并发症。5、10年存活率分别为52.4%和40.0%。疗效与年龄、性别、病期、原发灶侵犯范围、原发灶和颈部转移灶控制情况有密切关系。探讨了本组鼻咽肿瘤放疗效果较好及放疗后远期并发症放射性脑病和垂体机能低下的机制。认为儿童少年鼻咽肿瘤放疗剂量应低于成人组,设野应尽可能避开垂体,力求避免此种并发症。
This article analyzed the clinical manifestations, efficacy and long-term complications of 143 cases of nasopharyngeal malignancies in children and adolescents. The 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 52.4% and 40.0%, respectively. The curative effect was closely related to age, gender, stage of disease, range of primary tumor invasion, primary tumor and control of cervical metastases. The mechanism of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal neoplasms and the long-term post-radiotherapy complications of encephalopathy and hypopituitarism were discussed. It is considered that the radiotherapy dose of nasopharyngeal neoplasm of children and adolescents should be lower than that of the adult group, and the pituitary should be avoided as far as possible to avoid the complications.