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●学生对科学知识的熟习和掌握被定义为:在成绩考评中,对科学实践、交叉概念和核心内容等知识的融会贯通。该定义对学生掌握科学知识和科学实践提出新要求的同时,对科学教育发展监测系统水平评估的设计也构成了挑战。本文既有应对这类挑战的系统途径,亦有
Students’ familiarization and mastery of scientific knowledge is defined as the mastery of scientific practices, cross-concepts, and core content in performance evaluation. This definition poses new requirements for students to master scientific knowledge and practice of science, meanwhile it also poses challenges to the design of evaluation system for the development of science education. This article includes both systematic ways to deal with such challenges and others