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目的了解广州市番禺区居民健康素养基本情况,评价利用移动健康长廊开展居民健康素养干预的效果,为提高居民健康素养和进一步推广移动健康长廊提供依据。方法利用移动健康长廊开展居民健康素养干预。采用整群随机抽样方法对全区19个镇、街的16～80岁的常住居民进行为期1个月的健康干预,每个镇、街随机抽取100名常住居民进行干预前、后问卷调查,问卷内容包括健康基本知识、健康信念与态度和健康生活方式与行为,通过比较前、后2次调查情况评价干预效果。结果干预前调查1 985人,干预后调查1 935人,干预前、后调查对象来源于同一总体(P>0.05)。干预前的健康素养知识知晓率、健康信念态度持有率和健康行为形成率分别为59.04%、74.13%和76.14%,干预后分别为78.54%、84.83%、77.92%,干预后3个率分别提高19.50、10.70和1.78个百分点(P<0.01)。结论移动健康长廊干预方法对提高居民健康素养有较明显成效,可作改良推广,但干预对居民的健康行为形成率提高幅度较少,估计与干预时间较短,未能从深层次影响居民改变原有健康习惯有关。
Objective To understand the basic situation of health literacy among residents in Panyu District of Guangzhou and evaluate the effect of health literacy intervention by using mobile health corridor to provide evidences for improving residents’ health literacy and further promoting mobile health corridor. Methods Use of mobile health corridor to carry out health literacy intervention. A cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a one-month health intervention on residents aged 16 to 80 in 19 towns and streets in the whole district. 100 residents were randomly selected from each town and street for questionnaire survey before and after intervention. The questionnaire included the basic knowledge of health, health beliefs and attitudes and healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and evaluated the intervention effect by comparing the two surveys before and after. Results A total of 1 985 people were surveyed before intervention and 1 935 after intervention. Before and after the intervention, the survey subjects came from the same population (P> 0.05). Before intervention, the awareness rate of health literacy knowledge, the attitude of health belief attitude and the rate of health behavior formation were 59.04%, 74.13% and 76.14% respectively, and were 78.54%, 84.83% and 77.92% respectively after intervention, respectively Increased by 19.50,10.70 and 1.78 percentage points (P <0.01). Conclusion The method of intervention on mobile health promenade has obvious effect on improving health literacy of residents and can be improved and popularized. However, the rate of formation of health behaviors by inhabitants increases less, the estimation and intervention time is short, Change the original health habits.