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临界状态是指当某种物理现象变化为另一种现象,或物体从某种特性变化为另一种特性时,发生突变或质的飞跃的转折状态。这种状态可理解为“恰好出现”或“恰好不出现”某种现象的状态,在动量和能量相结合的问题中,经常会出现临界状态,“速度相等”是此类问题共同的特点,同时也是解决此类问题的关键。处理此类问题,通常要应用动量守恒定律结合能量守恒定律,相关的模型主要分为以下三种情况:
The critical state refers to a transitional state where a physical phenomenon changes to another phenomenon, or when an object changes from one property to another, a sudden or qualitative leap occurs. This state can be understood as a state of “just happening” or “just not appearing” a certain phenomenon. In the combination of momentum and energy, a critical state often occurs. “Speed equal” is a common feature of such problems. It is also the key to solving such problems. To deal with such problems, the law of conservation of momentum and the law of conservation of energy are usually applied. The related models are mainly divided into the following three cases: