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支气管哮喘(下称哮喘)是由多种因素引起支气管高反应,导致气道广泛性狭窄与气道阻力增加的一个病理生理过程.目前,用于治疗哮喘的药物颇多,疗效不一,本文就近几年来国内外疗效较为肯定的药物作一综述.一、茶碱类茶碱类药物作为支气管解痉剂已沿用50余年,目前仍是治疗哮喘的重要药物.由于这些药物的有效剂量与中毒剂量接近,治疗指数窄,体内代谢的个体差异较大,故剂量不易掌握.近年来,国内外学者对给药方案、给药途径进行了药代动力学研究,初步探讨了口服和静脉给药的合理方案.国外报告茶碱的有效血浆浓度为8～20μg/ml,对急性发作者,首次剂量需用5～7mg/kg,随后每小时用0.4～0.6mg/kg 维持,即24小时内的剂量可接近1g.而在慢性发作期,口
Bronchial asthma (hereinafter referred to as asthma) is caused by a variety of factors that lead to high bronchial hyperresponsiveness, leading to extensive airway stenosis and increased airway resistance, a pathophysiological process.At present, many drugs for the treatment of asthma, the curative effect is different, In recent years, more and more domestic and international curative effect of drugs for a review.A theophylline theophylline drugs as the bronchial spasmolytic agent has been used for more than 50 years, is still an important drug for the treatment of asthma.Because these drugs effective dose and poisoning In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have carried out pharmacokinetic studies on drug regimens and routes of administration, and have initially discussed oral and intravenous administration The effective report of theophylline plasma concentration of 8 ~ 20μg / ml, acute onset, the first dose required 5 ~ 7mg / kg, followed by 0.4 ~ 0.6mg / kg per hour to maintain, that is, within 24 hours The dose can be close to 1g. In the chronic attack, the mouth