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This work investigates the start-up characteristics of linear compressors in a refrigeration system through experiment and simulation.Experiments are carried out by a refrigeration test system with a linear compressor controlled by a LabVIEW platform.A simulation model that considers the nonlinear process of gas force is set up on the basis of Runge-Kutta method for linear compressors.Compared with the experimental results,the simulation errors are within 15%,including the unstable state.The influences of ambient temperature and power frequency on linear compressors are studied through experiments.Unstable phenomena exist at 25℃ ambient temperature compared with the designed ambient temperature of 35℃.The unsteadiness mechanism is analyzed by simulation.Simulation analysis indicated that two sensitive stages of linear compressors,namely,starting to pump and touching top dead center,are unstable.Furthermore,properly increasing equivalent mass (approximately 3%) or spring stiffness doring the design stage can be a practical method to improve the stability of linear compressors.