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目的：探讨血吸虫粪检虫卵阳性者抗体检测为阴性（以下简称“抗体低应答者”）的免疫机制。方法对鄱阳湖血吸虫病流行区142例粪检血吸虫卵阳性病例采用虫卵抗原与成虫抗原包被ELISA检测IgG抗体，并利用ROC曲线确定抗体高、低应答组；检测、比较两组细胞免疫水平及细胞因子水平。结果共筛查出8名抗体低应答者。高、低应答组各同型抗体水平相比，除SWAP?IgA（t=-1.588，P >0.1）外，差异均有统计学意义（t=-14.517～-2.866，P 均0.05）。在SEA或SWAP刺激下，两组人群PBMC分泌的IFN?γ水平和IL?10水平差异亦无统计学意义（t =-2.426～0.216，P >0.05）。结论抗体低应答组与高应答组人群仅见同型抗体水平差异；低感染度者在血吸虫释放抗原物质、形成抗原?抗体复合物后，血液循环中抗体滴度非常低，从而导致难以检出是抗体低应答的原因之一。“,”Objective To explore the immune mechanism of negative results of immune tests of schistosomiasis japonica pa?tients. Methods Totally 142 schistosomiasis patients(positive stool examinations)of Poyang Lake region were tested by ELI?SA method,and the ROC curve was applied to determine the high and low response of the patients. The levels of cellular immu?nity and cytokines of high and low responders were compared. Results Totally eight schistosomiasis patients were found as low responders. Besides SWAP?IgA(t= -1.588,P > 0.1),the levels of isotype antibodies were significantly lower in the low re?sponders compared with those in the high responders(t = -14.517 to -2.866,all P 0.05)compared with those in the high responders. The differences of IFN?γ and IL?10 between the high and low responders were both not significant(t= -2.426 to 0.216,all P >0.05). Conclusions There is a significant difference between the high and low responders only in the levels of isotype antibod?ies. One of the reasons of low response in the immune tests is the much lower antibody level after the antigen?antibody compound is completely formulated.