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目的通过尿中邻苯二甲酸酯类(phthalates)代谢物浓度估计上海市乳母和婴儿邻苯二甲酸酯类的暴露水平,并对其累积暴露进行健康风险评估。方法采用横断面调查方法,对152对乳母和婴儿进行问卷调查和一次性随机尿样采集。使用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测乳母和婴儿尿液中的10种邻苯二甲酸酯类代谢物浓度。使用肌酐校正模型对6种邻苯二甲酸酯类进行暴露评估。使用危害指数法进行累积风险评估。结果乳母尿中邻苯二甲酸酯类代谢产物浓度检出水平前5位分别为邻苯二甲酸单异丁酯(mono-isobutyl phthalate,Mi BP)、邻苯二甲酸单正丁酯(monon-butyl phthalate,Mn BP)、邻苯二甲酸单乙酯(mono-ethyl phthalate,MEP)、邻苯二甲酸单甲酯(mono-methyl phthalate,MMP)和邻苯二甲酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate,MEHP);婴儿则分别为Mi BP、Mn BP、MEP、MEHP和单(2-乙基-5-羧基戊基)邻苯二甲酸酯(mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate,MECPP)。以尿中邻苯二甲酸酯类代谢产物来估算邻苯二甲酸酯类的每日暴露量(estimated daily intake,EDI),邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate,DEHP)在乳母和婴儿中均浓度最高,几何均值分别达到6.64和14.02μg/(kg·d),其他邻苯二甲酸酯类在乳母和婴儿中的EDI值从高到低邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(di-i-sobutyl phthalate,Di BP)和邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(di-n-butyl phthalate,Dn BP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(diethyl phthalate,DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(di-methyl phthalate,DMP)和邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯(butyl-benzyl phthalate,BBP)。采用危害指数法(hazard index,HI)评估累积暴露风险,乳母HI≥1的比例约为5.92%,婴儿HI≥1的比例约为32.24%。结论上海市乳母和婴儿接触邻苯二甲酸酯类存在一定的健康风险,婴儿的风险高于乳母。
OBJECTIVE To estimate the exposure of maternal and infant phthalates in Shanghai by urine phthalate metabolite concentrations and to assess their cumulative exposure to health risks. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to survey 152 pairs of lactating mothers and infants with a one-time random urine sample. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect the concentrations of 10 phthalate metabolites in both maternal and infant urine. Six phthalates were evaluated for exposure using the creatinine calibration model. Use the Hazard Index Method for Cumulative Risk Assessment. Results The levels of the phthalates metabolites in the urine of the urine of the mother liquor were detected as mono-isobutyl phthalate (Mi BP), monon-butyl phthalate butyl phthalate (Mn BP), mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) and mono Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) and infants were Mi BP, Mn BP, MEP, MEHP and mono-2 -ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate, MECPP). Estimated daily intake (EDI) of phthalates in the urine phthalate metabolites, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (di-2- ethylhexyl phthalate and DEHP) were the highest in both maternal and infants with geometric mean values of 6.64 and 14.02 μg / (kg · d), respectively. The other phthalates showed the highest EDI values in lactation and infants Di-i-sobutyl phthalate (Di BP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (Dn BP), diethyl phthalate ), Di-methyl phthalate (DMP) and butyl-benzyl phthalate (BBP). The hazard index (hazard index, HI) was used to assess the cumulative exposure risk. The ratio of maternal HI≥1 was about 5.92% and that of infant HI≥1 was about 32.24%. Conclusion Shanghai maternal and infant exposure to phthalates there is a certain health risk, the risk of infants is higher than the nurse.