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目的了解兰州市中小学生的形体发育状况和常见病患病情况,为开展学校卫生保健,促进少年儿童健康提供科学依据。方法以2006年兰州市40所小学、10所中学7～15岁共27567名在校学生为对象,采用身高、体质量、视力、常见病患病情况等为观察指标,开展学生健康状况监测,对监测数据进行分析和评价。结果视力低下随年龄增长而上升,女生检出率明显高于男生;男生、女生沙眼患病率随着年龄增大逐渐降低,各年龄段沙眼患病率男生患病率均高于女生;龋齿也随年龄增大龋患率逐渐降低,但性别差异无统计学意义,7～9岁是龋齿的高发年龄段;中小学生身高和体质量发育在上等和下等级别的分布明显偏低。结论视力低下、沙眼和龋齿仍然是影响兰州市中小学生身体健康的常见病;兰州市中小学生体格发育总体尚好,但问题也很突出,应针对常见病和体格发育的问题加强学校卫生工作。
Objective To understand the status of physical development and the prevalence of common diseases among primary and secondary students in Lanzhou and to provide a scientific basis for carrying out health care in schools and promoting the health of children and adolescents. Methods A total of 27,567 school-age children from 40 primary schools and 10 secondary schools aged from 7 to 15 years in Lanzhou city in 2006 were taken as observation objects. Height, body mass, visual acuity and prevalence of common diseases were used as observation indicators to monitor the students’ Analyze and evaluate the monitoring data. Results Low vision increased with age, the detection rate of girls was significantly higher than that of boys. The prevalence of trachoma in boys and girls decreased gradually with age, and the prevalence of trachoma in boys of all ages was higher than that of girls. With the increase of age, the prevalence of caries gradually decreased, but the gender difference was not statistically significant. The ages of 7-9 years were the high incidence of dental caries. The distribution of height and body mass of primary and middle school students was obviously lower in the upper class and the lower class. CONCLUSION: Poor eyesight, trachoma and dental caries are still common diseases that affect the health of primary and secondary school students in Lanzhou. The overall physical development of primary and secondary school students in Lanzhou is still good, but the problems are also prominent. School health work should be strengthened to address the common diseases and physical development problems.