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推导和分析了以多参考系模型作为螺旋桨计算模型的控制方程。应用数值模拟方法开展高空长航时无人机滑流效应影响的三维数值模拟研究。研究发现,多参考系模型的流动现象能够符合真实螺旋桨的前后流动特征,并且可以较好地模拟螺旋桨滑流对飞机气动性能的干扰。螺旋桨滑流效应使V尾表面流线发生偏转和收缩加速,V尾表面的压力分布明显改变。起飞状态螺旋桨滑流效应对全机气动特性影响最强,爬升状态影响减弱,巡航状态影响最小。滑流效应影响随着推力增加而增大,相同推力不同桨距条件下滑流效应影响基本相同。起飞状态无人机尾部受到螺旋桨大推力滑流效应影响压差阻力急剧增加,导致全机气动性能下降。
The governing equations with multiple reference frame models as propeller calculation models are derived and analyzed. Application of Numerical Simulation to the Three Dimensional Numerical Simulation of UAV Influences on Long - range and Long - haul Operation. It is found that the flow phenomena of the multi-reference system can be in accordance with the forward and backward flow characteristics of the real propeller, and the disturbance of aerodynamic performance of the propeller can be well simulated. The slipstream effect of propeller accelerated and deflated the streamline of V tail, and the pressure distribution on V tail surface changed obviously. The slipstream effect of the propeller has the strongest influence on the aerodynamic characteristics of the whole aircraft, the influence of the climbing state is weakened, and the cruise condition has the least impact. The effect of slipstream effect increases with the increase of thrust force, and the effect of slipstream effect is basically the same under the same thrust and different pitch conditions. Take-off state of the tail of the drone propeller thrust thrust effect by a sharp increase in pressure drop resistance, resulting in reduced overall aerodynamic performance.