屠格涅夫的《前夜》创作的年代正是19世纪的50年代末。农奴翻已经濒临崩溃,革命形势在俄国形成,民主主义运动成为当时社会的主要恃征,而远离俄国的巴尔干民族的反抗土耳其统治的斗争正风起云涌,以往的“多余人”形象,不能成为带动人民前进的力量,象罗亭和拉夫列茨基米型的贵族知识分子已经远远地被时代抛到了后面。社会现实与重大的历史事件极为尖锐地向饿罗斯文学提出了关于正面人物的问题和进步青年应该追求的理想问题。 具有对新事物敏锐感受以及跟现代生活紧密联系的作家屠格涅夫感到了新生活来临,一种新的人 Turgenev’s “eve of night” was created in the late 1950s. The revolution in serfdom was on the brink of collapse. The revolutionary situation was formed in Russia. The democratic movement became the major social rebellion in the country. The struggle against Turkey’s rule by the Balkan nation far away from Russia is surging. The image of “excess people” in the past can not be the driving force for the people Advancing forces, such as the aristocrats of Rottning and Lovrezky, have been far behind by the times. The social realities and major historical events have utmostly pointed out questions to the hungry Rose literature about positive people and the ideal that advanced youth should pursue. Turgenev, a writer with a keen sense of new things and a close connection with modern life, feels a new life coming, a new kind of person