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近年来我国对病毒性肝炎的研究取得了较大的成就。目前已能从甲型肝炎病人的粪便中检出甲型肝炎抗原,并制成诊断血清,供临床和流行病学应用。最近又研制成功检测甲型肝炎特异性IgM抗体的有关血清试剂,为急性甲型肝炎诊断提供有效的手段。乙型肝炎方面各地已广泛开展HBsAg、抗-HBs和HBeAg、抗-HBe两个系统的检测。近来研制成功敏感度高的检测方法如酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和固相放射免疫分析法(RIA),比目前一般应用的方法提高50～100倍。最近已能在血清中检出HBcAg,有助于乙型肝炎的诊断。其方法是用超速离心法沉淀Dane颗粒,再以NP-40裂解,然后使用RIA法检测血清中HBcAg。抗-HBc检测已广泛开展,目前应用国产试剂检测抗-HBc中IgM亦获得成功。后者对急性乙型肝炎的诊断有意义。DNA多聚酶活性检测是病毒复制繁殖的重要指标,不少单位已经开展。
In recent years, China’s research on viral hepatitis has made great achievements. Hepatitis A antigen has been detected from the droppings of hepatitis A patients and has been made into diagnostic serum for clinical and epidemiological purposes. Recently, we have also developed serum-related reagents for the detection of hepatitis A-specific IgM antibodies, which provides an effective method for the diagnosis of acute hepatitis A. Hepatitis B has been widely carried out around the HBsAg, anti-HBs and HBeAg, anti-HBe two systems testing. Recently, highly sensitive detection methods such as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) have been developed, which are 50 to 100 times more efficient than the currently used methods. HBcAg has recently been detected in serum and is good for the diagnosis of hepatitis B. The method is that the Dane particles are precipitated by ultracentrifugation and then lysed by NP-40, and the serum HBcAg is detected by the RIA method. Anti-HBc test has been widely carried out, the current application of domestic reagents to detect IgM in anti-HBc has also been successful. The latter is of significance for the diagnosis of acute hepatitis B. DNA polymerase activity test is an important indicator of virus replication and reproduction, many units have been carried out.