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［目的］ 探讨血浆miRNAs水平检测在原发性肝细胞癌早期筛查中的作用。［方法］ 采用TaqMan低密度芯片（TaqMan Low Density Array）的方法，筛选出候选可作为原发性肝细胞癌早期筛查的miRNAs标志物，并采用 RT-qPCR 方法在98例原发性肝细胞癌样本中进行验证。［结果］ 5个候选miRNAs在HCC患者血浆中的表达与对照组相比显差异有统计学意义，其中miR-21（病例组ΔCt =5.8675±1.3561，对照组ΔCt =8.5214±1.8956）、miR-222（病例组ΔCt =6.2568±2.5842，对照组ΔCt =9.2354±1.5627）、miR-18（病例组ΔCt =9.4237±2.4785，对照组ΔCt =12.5862±0.9852）在病例组中的表达量高于对照组，miR-16（病例组ΔCt =13.4211±1.2258，对照组ΔCt =8.4251±0.8625）、miR-451a（病例组ΔCt =8.2358±1.2372，对照组ΔCt =5.2666±1.1656）在病例组中的表达量低于对照组；miR-21在对照组、Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期及以上组中表达量存在差异性，呈现递增趋势（P＜0.05），miR-16在对照组、Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期及以上组中表达量存在差异性，呈现递减趋势（P＜0.05）。［结论］患者血浆miRNAs表达的差异可能可作为原发性肝细胞癌早期筛查的血浆学分子标志物。
[Objective] To investigate the role of plasma miRNAs in the early screening of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. [Methods] TaqMan Low Density Array was used to screen candidate candidates for early screening of hepatocellular carcinoma for miRNAs. RT-qPCR was performed on 98 primary hepatocytes Cancer samples for validation. [Results] The expression of 5 candidate miRNAs in the plasma of patients with HCC was significantly different from that of the control group, of which miR-21 (ΔCt = 5.8675 ± 1.3561 in the case group and ΔCt = 8.5214 ± 1.8956 in the control group), miR- The expression level of miR-18 (case group ΔCt = 9.4237 ± 2.4785, control group ΔCt = 12.5862 ± 0.9852) in case group was higher than that in control group (222 cases in case group ΔCt = 6.2568 ± 2.5842, ΔCt = 9.2354 ± 1.5627 in control group) , MiR-16 (case group ΔCt = 13.4211 ± 1.2258, control group ΔCt = 8.4251 ± 0.8625), miR-451a (case group ΔCt = 8.2358 ± 1.2372, control group ΔCt = 5.2666 ± 1.1656) (P <0.05). The expression of miR-21 in the control group, stage Ⅰ, stage Ⅱ, stage Ⅲ and above showed an increasing trend (P <0.05). There was a significant difference between the three groups (P <0.05). [Conclusion] The differences of plasma miRNAs expression in patients may be the plasma molecular markers for the early screening of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.