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生理和病理因素均影响新生儿脑血流,二者常同时并存。由于新生儿脑血管自身调节功能差,病理情况下尤其是低氧血症及高碳酸血症时其自主调节功能受损,引起脑血流动力学的改变,从而造成严重的脑损伤。近年来关于新生儿脑血流动力学变化的研究取得了不少进展。健康新生儿脑血流与胎龄、出生体质量呈正相关,且随日龄逐渐增加;脑损伤新生儿脑血流可表现为供给不足、过度灌注或早期低速高阻、晚期高速低阻。脑损伤新生儿脑血流改变的表现结果的不同,可能与窒息持续的时间及严重程度等不同有关,但均是脑血流自身调节功能被破坏的标志。脑血流动力学的改变是脑损伤的重要发病机制。
Physiological and pathological factors affect neonatal cerebral blood flow, both often co-exist. Due to poor autonomic regulation of neonatal cerebral vessels, autonomic dysfunction in pathological conditions, especially hypoxemia and hypercapnia, leads to changes in cerebral hemodynamics, resulting in severe brain injury. In recent years, new research on cerebral hemodynamics has made a lot of progress. Cerebral blood flow in healthy neonates was positively correlated with gestational age and birth weight, and gradually increased with age. Cerebral blood flow in neonatal neonates with cerebral injury could be manifested as inadequate supply, over-infusion or early low-speed high-resistance and late high-speed low resistance. Cerebral damage in neonatal cerebral blood flow changes in the performance of different results may be related to the duration and severity of asphyxia different, but are all signs of cerebral blood flow self-regulatory function is destroyed. Changes in cerebral hemodynamics is an important pathogenesis of brain injury.