康德提出了作为道德律之基础的“自由意志何以可能”的问题 ,认为“自由意志”只是一个“公设”,而牟宗三认为自由意志不是“公设”而是真实的存在。其实 ,康德与牟宗三分别代表中西哲学解决形而上学问题的两种不同思路与传统 :“转识成智”与“由智化境”。由“转识成智”的思路必然导致“道德的神学”,而“由智化境”的思路必然导致“道德的形而上学”。 Kant put forward the question of “how can free will be possible” which is the basis of moral law. He thinks that “free will” is only a “public right”, while Mou Zongsan believes that free will is not a “public right” but a real one. In fact, Kant and Mou Zongsan respectively represent two different ideas and traditions of the Chinese and Western philosophies in solving the metaphysical problems: “turning knowledge into wisdom” and “simplifying intelligence from intelligence.” The idea of ​​“turning knowledge into wisdom” will inevitably lead to “theology of morality”, and the mentality of “translating intelligence into reality” will inevitably lead to “moral metaphysics.”