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随着经济建设的发展和人口的增长,北方城市的缺水问题口益严重。从1983年我国196个城市的调查统计,有188个缺水,日缺水量达1240万m~3。其中大部分是北方城市。 缺水,不仅影响人民生活和工农业生产的发展,有些城市和地区由于过量开采地下水,造成地面沉降或海水入侵;有些城市由于污水排放超过水体的自净能力,造成水体严重污染危及人的健康及产品质量。
With the development of economic construction and population growth, the problems of water shortage in northern cities are grave. According to the survey of 196 cities in China in 1983, there were 188 water shortages and the water shortage amounting to 12.4 million m 3. Most of them are northern cities. Water scarcity not only affects people’s livelihood and the development of industry and agriculture, but also leads to land subsidence or seawater intrusion in some cities and regions due to over-exploitation of groundwater. In some cities, serious pollution of water bodies may endanger human health as a result of sewage discharge exceeding the self-purification capacity of water body and product quality.