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目的调查西藏拉萨地区孕妇弓形虫感染情况,并探讨相关危险因素。方法 2015-2016年,以拉萨市3个区(县)为调查地区,各地区选择200名孕妇为调查对象;另在江苏徐州、扬州、无锡3市选取450名孕妇为对照。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测孕妇抗弓形虫抗体IgG、IgM水平,对检测结果进行分析。收集拉萨地区孕妇个案调查表信息,对弓形虫感染相关危险因素进行分析。结果拉萨地区600名被调查孕妇中,99例抗弓形虫抗体阳性,抗体阳性率16.50%,与江苏省孕妇抗体总阳性率(5.11%)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。拉萨3区(县)孕妇抗弓形虫抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。喜食生肉者、有动物密切接触史者感染率高。结论与江苏省相比,拉萨地区孕妇弓形虫感染率较高。应积极采取健康教育、早期检查及治疗等综合措施,以预防控制该地区孕妇弓形虫感染,提高优生优育水平。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women in Lhasa, Tibet and explore the related risk factors. Methods From 2015 to 2016, three pregnant women in Lhasa were selected as the survey area and 200 pregnant women were selected as survey subjects in each of the three districts in Lhasa. Another 450 pregnant women were selected as control subjects in Xuzhou, Yangzhou and Wuxi in Jiangsu Province. The anti-toxoplasma IgG and IgM levels in pregnant women were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and the test results were analyzed. The questionnaire of pregnant women in Lhasa area was collected to analyze the risk factors related to Toxoplasma gondii infection. Results Of the 600 pregnant women surveyed in Lhasa, 99 were anti-toxoplasma antibody positive, the antibody positive rate was 16.50%, which was significantly different from that of Jiangsu pregnant women (5.11%) (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in anti-toxoplasma antibody positive rate among pregnant women in Lhasa’s 3 districts (counties) (P> 0.05). Eat raw meat, animals have a history of close contact with the infection rate. Conclusions Compared with Jiangsu Province, the prevalence of Toxoplasma in pregnant women in Lhasa is higher. Should take comprehensive health education, early detection and treatment and other comprehensive measures to prevent and control pregnant women in the area toxoplasma infection, improve the level of prenatal and postnatal care.