论文部分内容阅读
为提高甘蔗遗传改良效率提供基础,探明甘蔗及其近缘属、栽培种的倍性,本研究利用流式细胞术,首次对甘蔗及其近缘属的倍性进行了系统分析鉴定.结果表明,甘蔗属的热带种倍性为8和10,其中典型热带种拔地拉倍性为8、非典型热带种卡拉华倍性为10;印度种倍性为8和16.8,其中芒高为8、盘沙鞋为16.8;中国种育巴和芦蔗倍性分别为9.8和10;细茎野生种倍性范围为6.3～9.2,主要倍性约等于8,大茎野生种倍性为14.4.甘蔗近缘属的蔗茅属倍性范围在3.3～7.9之间,其中斑茅倍性范围在7.1～7.9之间,滇蔗茅倍性为3.3和3.8;芒属倍性有1.4和4.8两种类型;河八王属倍性范围在3.6～5.2之间.甘蔗杂交品种倍性较高,在8.2～12.3之间,其中以倍性9～10为主.首次系统性探明甘蔗及其近缘属、栽培种的倍性,倍性最低的为芒属的芒,其倍性为1.4;倍性最高的是印度种的盘沙鞋,为16.8,说明甘蔗是一种遗传背景复杂的非整倍体植物.研究结果可用于指导甘蔗杂交组合的配置.“,”The study was conducted for ploidy identification of Saccharum officinarum L. and its related genera in order to provide references for the improvement of sugarcane breeding efficiency and investigate the multiplication of sugarcane and its related genera and cultispecies. The ploidy of Saccharum L. and its related genera was identified by using flow cytometry for the first time. The results showed that the ploidy of tropical species of S.officinarum was 8 and 10, which was 8 in typical tropical species Badila and 10 in atypical tropical species Kala Wa. The ploidy of S. barberi was 8 and 16.8, which was 8 in Mungo and 16.8 in Pansahi. The ploidy of Uba and Luzhe of S. sinense was 9.8 and 10, respectively. The ploidy range of S. spontaneum was 6.3～9.2 and most of them were about 8. The ploidy of S. robustum was 14.4. There were 3.3～7.9 of ploidy in Erianthus Michx which was the related genera of Saccharum L., in which the ploidy of Erianthus arundinaceus was from 7.1 to 7.9 and Erianthus rockii had the ploidy of 3.3 and 3.8. Miscanthus Anderss had two kinds of ploidy (1.4 and 4.8) and the ploidyscope was 3.6～5.2 in Narenga Bor. The ploidy of hybrid cultivars was relatively higher, which was 8.2～12.3, and 9～10 was the most common. The ploidy of sugarcane and its related genera and cultispecies was systematically investigated for the first time, and the lowest was the Mun in Miscanthus Anderss with 1.4 and the highest ploidy was in Pansahi with 16.8, indicating that sugarcane was an aneuploid plant with complex genetic background. The research results could be applied to guide the configuration of sugarcane hybrid combinations.