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商丘是农业大市、人口大市,粮食产量居全省第三,截至2008年人口总数为824.37万。同时,商丘也是严重缺水型城市。商丘市地处豫东平原,属淮河流域,由于地处南北气候过度地带,属暖温带半湿润大陆性季风气候,降水量年际变化大,水资源极其缺乏而且降雨年内分配不均,历史上水、旱、碱、沙等自然灾害频繁发生,严重制约着经济和社会发展。毛泽东主席曾说:
Shangqiu is an agricultural market with a large population and the third largest grain output in the province. As of 2008, the population totaled 8,243,700. At the same time, Shangqiu is also a serious water-short city. Located in the eastern part of Henan Province, Shangqiu City belongs to the Huaihe River Basin. Due to the over-and-over climate in the north and south, Shangqiu City belongs to the warm temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate with large interannual variations in precipitation, extremely scarce water resources and uneven distribution of precipitation during the year. Natural disasters such as drought, alkali and sand frequently occur, seriously restricting economic and social development. Chairman Mao Tse-tung once said: