论文部分内容阅读
[目的]分析长安区流行性出血热(EHF)流行趋势,提出其控制措施。[方法]根据《中国疾病预防信息系统》资料,用Excel软件进行统计分析。[结果]2003—2008年全年各月均有发病,年发病率均在20/10万以上。发病高峰为5~7月小高峰(24.2%)和10~12月的大高峰(62.6%)。性别以男性为主,年龄以15~60岁为主(88.9%)。职业以农民为主(69.9%)。鼠类调查野外优势种为黑线姬鼠,室内为褐家鼠,带毒率分别为20.0%(5/25)和1.8%(2/114)。该地区为混合型疫源地,流行仍以野鼠型为主,尽管褐家鼠带毒,但对该疫区的流行趋势影响不大。[结论]长安区EHF为典型的野鼠型流行特征,一般为3~5年为一个流行高峰。自然因素、农业作业模式改变、生态环境改变、疫苗接种及综合防治措施等对发病与流行有一定影响。
[Objective] To analyze the epidemic trend of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) in Chang’an District and put forward its control measures. [Methods] According to the information of “China Disease Prevention Information System”, using Excel software for statistical analysis. [Results] The incidence of the disease in each month from 2003 to 2008 was annual, with annual incidences above 20 / 100,000. The peak incidence peaked from May to July (24.2%) and from October to December (62.6%). The main male gender, age 15 to 60-year-old (88.9%). Occupation mainly farmers (69.9%). The dominant species of rodents were Apodemus agrarius, Rattus norvegicus was indoors, with the rates of 20.0% (5/25) and 1.8% (2/114), respectively. The area is a mixed epidemic. The epidemic is still mainly dominated by volar mice. Although the brown rat is poisoned, the epidemic has little effect on the epidemic trend. [Conclusion] The EHF in Chang’an District is a typical epidemic characteristic of wild-type mice, usually 3 to 5 years as a epidemic peak. Natural factors, changes in agricultural practices, changes in the ecological environment, vaccination and comprehensive prevention and treatment measures have an impact on the incidence and prevalence.