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在宋人的生育观念中,“得男则喜”是普遍的诉求,有关胎儿性别形成机理、性别判断和性别影响等方面的论说与实践在前代基础上得到发展。宋代医家提出了阳精和阴血运行先后的不同造成男女性别差异的理论,并采取多种方式在受孕、孕初阶段来干预胎儿的性别。待新生命诞生、胎儿性别干预不如所愿时,新生儿面临被溺杀的危险,女婴的生存机会低于男婴。宋人产育性别选择中的喜男厌女不仅与经济因素相关,也是女性性别在传统文化中被定位的天生劣势使然,女性的身体遭到贬抑。
In Song’s conception of fertility, “getting male is happy” is a common aspiration. The theory and practice of fetal gender formation, gender discrimination and gender influence have been developed on the basis of previous generations. In the Song Dynasty, doctors proposed the theory of gender difference caused by the different positive and negative blood running, and adopted a variety of methods to intervene the gender of the fetus during pregnancy and early pregnancy. When a new life is born and the sex of the fetus is not as expected, the newborn is at risk of being drowned, and her chances of survival are lower than that of her baby boy. In the Song dynasty, gender preference is not only related to economic factors, but also the inherent disadvantage of female gender being located in traditional culture. The female body is depreciated.