自发性气胸为呼吸科急症 ,也是临床常见病 ,一般不难诊断。但自发性气胸往往存在基础病 ,以慢性阻塞性肺疾病最常见。慢性阻塞性肺部疾病 (COPD)并自发性气胸的患者 ,由于其基础病变临床表现突出 ,大多情况下掩盖了气胸的症状、体征 ,给临床诊治带来困难 ,容易造成误诊和漏诊 , Spontaneous pneumothorax for respiratory emergency, is also a common clinical disease, the general is not difficult to diagnose. However, spontaneous pneumothorax is often present with underlying disease, the most common chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and spontaneous pneumothorax patients, due to its clinical manifestations of prominent lesions, in most cases cover the symptoms and signs of pneumothorax, to clinical diagnosis and treatment difficulties, easily lead to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis,