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马克思、恩格斯的社会发展理论经历了从理念论基点到人本主义基点再到实践基点的转变过程。理念论基点把理念看作是历史运动和社会发展的主体,现实是理念的实现,现实应该服从理念;人本主义为基点的社会发展理论,从“人性”、人的“类本质”出发来论证私有制的不合理性和共产主义的合理性,论证私有制灭亡、共产主义胜利的必然性的社会发展理论;实践基点的社会发展理论的核心,是从实践出发、从现实的物质生活的矛盾运动出发,来考察资本主义灭亡、共产主义胜利的必然性。“实践基点”的社会发展理论成就了科学共产主义的形成。考察马克思、恩格斯社会发展理论基点的转变有助于对当今社会主义建设实践的把握。
The social development theory of Marx and Engels has undergone a process of transformation from the basic point of philosophy to the basic point of humanism and then to the point of practice. The basic point of concept regards philosophy as the main body of historical movement and social development. The reality is the realization of concept and the reality should obey the idea. The theory of social development based on humanism, from the nature of “human nature ” and “human ”Set out to demonstrate the irrationality of private ownership and the legitimacy of communism, demonstrating the social development theory of the inevitability of the collapse of private ownership and communism; the core of the social development theory of practicing the basic point is to proceed from practice and from the actual material life Starting with the contradictory movement to examine the inevitability of the demise of communism and the victory of capitalism. The social development theory of “practice basis point” has made the formation of scientific communism. Examining the change of the theoretical starting point of the social development theory of Marx and Engels helps to grasp the practice of today’s socialist construction.