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为了明确黑龙江省不同年代育成大豆品种根系抗旱能力改良趋势。本研究选用黑龙江省不同年代育成的5个大豆主栽品种为试材,利用盆栽试验,于鼓粒期进行干旱处理,对根系形态和生理功能进行测定。实验结果表明,不同品种间、不同处理间以及品种和处理互作间根体积、根表面积、根干重、根系活力等性状差异达到显著或极显著水平;随着时间的推移不同年代育成品种的根体积、根表面积、根干重和根系活力降低率均呈先升高后降低的抛物线趋势,并与育成年代相关性达到显著或极显著水平。不同品种间、不同处理间以及品种与处理间单株粒重差异均达到显著或极显著水平;随着时间推移不同年代育成大豆品种单株粒重降低率呈先升高后降低的抛物线趋势,并与育成年代相关性达到显著或极显著水平。从根系形态和生理指标以及单株粒重的变化规律可以看出,黑龙江省不同年代育成大豆品种抗旱能力呈现先降低后升高的曲线规律。
In order to clarify the improvement trend of root drought resistance ability of bred soybean varieties in different ages in Heilongjiang Province. In this study, five soybean cultivars bred from different age in Heilongjiang Province were selected as test materials. Pot experiments were conducted to study the morphological and physiological functions of roots. The experimental results showed that the differences in root volume, root surface area, root dry weight and root vigor between different varieties, different treatments and between varieties and treatments reached significant or extremely significant levels. With the passage of time, The root volume, root surface area, root dry weight and root activity decreased first and then decreased, and the correlation with the age of breeding reached significant or extremely significant level. The differences of grain weight per plant among different cultivars, different treatments, and between cultivars and treatments all reached significant or extremely significant levels. With the passage of time, the grain weight per plant of different cultivated soybean cultivars showed the parabola trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing, And reached the significant or extremely significant correlation with the bred age. From the root morphology and physiological indicators and the variation of grain weight per plant, it can be seen that the drought resistance ability of soybean varieties bred in different age in Heilongjiang Province firstly decreased and then increased.