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一般制备固体表面上薄膜的方法是在固体表面涂抹一层含有固态胶体颗粒的液体膜,然后令液体蒸发而成。染料和墨水就是由悬浮在液体中的小颗粒构成的典型胶体。当液体蒸发时,这些颗粒融合在一起形成薄膜。研究人员从理论和实验两方面展示新的结果:如果颗粒尺寸足够大,两种不同尺寸的颗粒会在干燥过程中分层。较小颗粒形成的层位于大颗粒层的上方。这种分层方式
The general method of preparing a thin film on a solid surface is to apply a layer of liquid film containing solid colloidal particles on the surface of the solid and evaporate the liquid. Dyes and inks are typical colloids composed of small particles suspended in a liquid. When the liquid evaporates, the particles fuse together to form a thin film. The researchers show new results both theoretically and experimentally: If the particle size is large enough, two different sized particles will delaminate during the drying process. The layer of smaller particles is located above the layer of large particles. This layered approach