“知识经济”是一个全新的概念，如何认识它，如何迎接这样一个挑战，是我们大家面临的一个很重要的问题。有两点需要特别强调，一是怎样认识建设国家知识创新系统；二是如何建设国家知识基础设施，实施科教兴国战略。知识基础设施由4部分组成在工业经济、农业经济时代，基础设 “Knowledge economy” is a completely new concept. How to recognize it and how to meet such a challenge is a very important issue that we all face. There are two points that need to be especially emphasized. One is how to understand the system of building national knowledge innovation. The other is how to build a national knowledge infrastructure and implement the strategy of rejuvenating the nation through science and education. Knowledge infrastructure consists of 4 parts in the industrial economy, agricultural economy era, infrastructure