进行古典诗歌鉴赏时,常常运用到一些专门术语。有些术语之间,往往是既有相似处又有差异性,使用者只见其同而忽略其异,不免有相互混淆的情形。本文就诗歌表现手法常常运用而又时时误用的三组术语作一简要辨析,侧重辨别其异。为节省篇幅起见,举例限于习见之唐人七言绝句。显然,事实上,这些术语适用于所有诗、词、曲的鉴赏。 In the appreciation of classical poetry, some specialized terms are often used. Some terms often have similarities and differences. The user only sees the same and ignores the differences, which inevitably leads to confusion. This article makes a brief analysis of the three groups of terms that are often used and often misused in poetic expression techniques, focusing on identifying differences. In order to save space, examples are limited to Xizhi Tang’s seven-character quatrains. Obviously, in fact, these terms apply to the appreciation of all poems, words, and songs.