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为了解中国主栽孔雀草品种的遗传背景,采用相关序列扩增多态性(SRAP)分子标记分析了28份孔雀草材料的遗传多样性。14对SRAP引物组合共获得271个位点,其中多态位点151个,占55.72%。每对引物可扩增出14~24条DNA片段,平均19.4条。引物的多态信息含量PIC值在0.693~0.967之间,平均为0.909;每个材料得到的多态性条带比例介于38.78%与51.42%之间,平均46.38%,说明SRAP分子标记可有效鉴别孔雀草种质在分子水平上的遗传变异。品种间的遗传距离值在0.047~0.198之间,平均为0.126;Shannon多样性指数变化于0.178~0.217之间,平均0.201,表明参试的孔雀草材料总体的遗传多样性水平较低。UPGMA聚类后,在遗传距离阈值为0.146处,可将28份材料分为4大类群,与花色表现基本相符,花色可考虑作为孔雀草基于表型分类的主要因子。本研究结果对孔雀草品种鉴定、杂交育种中亲本选配和分子标记辅助选择具有重要意义。
In order to understand the genetic background of Chinese maidenhair varieties, the genetic diversity of 28 malaychilla species was analyzed using the related sequence amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. A total of 271 SRAP primer combinations were obtained, of which 151 were polymorphic, accounting for 55.72%. Each pair of primers can amplify 14 ~ 24 DNA fragments, an average of 19.4. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of the primers ranged from 0.693 to 0.967 with an average of 0.909. The percentage of polymorphic bands per material ranged from 38.78% to 51.42% with an average of 46.38%, indicating that SRAP markers were effective Identification of Genetic Variation at the Molecular Level of Maitake Germplasm. The genetic distance between cultivars ranged from 0.047 to 0.198 with an average of 0.126. Shannon’s diversity index varied from 0.178 to 0.217 with an average of 0.201, indicating that the genetic diversity of the tested materials was low. After UPGMA clustering, the genetic distance threshold was 0.146, 28 materials could be divided into 4 groups, which basically accorded with the flower color performance. The flower color could be considered as the main factor based on the phenotypic classification of the malachite. The results of this study on the identification of species of matsutake, cross breeding parental selection and molecular marker assisted selection is of great significance.