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目的:考察Spence学前儿童焦虑量表在中国的适用性。方法:以学前儿童焦虑量表和儿童行为量表为评估工具,让607名母亲报告3-6岁儿童的焦虑与行为问题。结果:各项目与分量表的相关为0.50～0.78。总量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.87,分半信度和重测信度分别为0.83、0.70。各分量表得分和总分与CBCL中的内化和外化问题得分均呈显著正相关,且与内化问题的相关程度高于与外化问题的相关程度。综合探索性和验证性因素分析的结果发现,我国学前儿童的焦虑结构包括广泛性焦虑、躯体伤害恐惧、社交恐惧、强迫-冲动障碍和分离焦虑5个因子,解释总方差的45.81%,各题项在所属因子的因素负荷为0.35～0.86,五因子对焦虑数据的拟合指数均大于0.90。结论:Spence学前儿童焦虑量表可用于评估我国学前儿童的焦虑症状。
Objective: To investigate the applicability of Spence preschool children’s anxiety scale in China. Methods: Anxiety Scale and Child Behavior Checklist for Pre-school Children were used as assessment tools to allow 607 mothers to report anxiety and behavior problems among 3-6-year-old children. Results: The correlation between items and subscales ranged from 0.50 to 0.78. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the total scale was 0.87, and the half-reliability and the test-retest reliability were 0.83 and 0.70, respectively. The subscales and total scores of each subscales were significantly and positively correlated with the scores of internalization and externalization in CBCL, and the correlations with internalization were higher than those with externalization. Comprehensive exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the results found that our preschool children’s anxiety structure, including generalized anxiety, physical injury fear, social fear, impulsive-impulsive disorder and separation anxiety five factors, explain the total variance of 45.81%, the questions The factor load of item belongs to 0.35 ~ 0.86, and the fitting index of five factors to anxiety data is greater than 0.90. Conclusion: The Spence pre-school children’s anxiety scale can be used to evaluate anxiety symptoms in preschool children in China.