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目的调查某炮兵连98名射手的听力状况,为改进射手听力防护措施提供理论依据。方法采用耳科常规检查、听力测试等方法对某炮兵连98名射手进行调查。结果98名射手鼓膜内陷者占1O.2%,混浊者占6.6%(包含鼓膜钙化者),穿孔者占0.5%。鼓膜改变与火炮射击年限有关,即射手实弹射击时间越长,鼓膜损伤越重。从听力改变看,低频听力下降者占9.2%,言语频率听力下降者占20.4%,高频听力下降者占55.1%,脉冲噪声和冲击波对射手高频听力损伤严重,并波及言语频率和低频听力。大口径火炮组和小口径火炮组高频听力损伤主要集中在4kHz和6kHz,但大口径火炮组听力损伤重于小口径火炮组,这主要与火炮口径有关。中小口径火炮组高频听力损伤主要集中在4kHz、6kHz、8kHz,混合火炮组射手全频听力损伤重于上述三组射手,主要原因是他们接触火炮种类多,射击时间长。结论火焰引起听器损伤与火炮口径、暴露时间长短及是否戴防护器具有关。
Objective To investigate the hearing status of 98 shooters in an artillery unit and provide a theoretical basis for improving the auditory protective measures of the shooter. Methods A total of 98 shooters from one artillery were surveyed by means of otology routine tests, hearing tests and other methods. Results 98 shooter invagination accounted for 1O.2%, turbidity accounted for 6.6% (including tympanic calcification), perforation accounted for 0.5%. Tympanic changes and artillery firing years of life, shooter live shoot longer, more serious damage to the tympanic membrane. From hearing changes, low frequency hearing loss accounted for 9.2%, speech frequency hearing loss accounted for 20.4%, high frequency hearing loss accounted for 55.1%, impulsive noise and shock wave on the shooter high frequency hearing impairment, and affects the speech frequency and low frequency hearing . Large-caliber artillery group and small-caliber artillery group hearing loss mainly concentrated in the 4kHz and 6kHz, but the large-caliber artillery group hearing loss is heavier than the small caliber artillery group, mainly with the artillery caliber. High-frequency hearing loss of small and medium caliber artillery group mainly focused on 4kHz, 6kHz, 8kHz, mixed artillery group full range of shooter hearing loss is heavier than the above three groups of shooter, mainly because they touch the artillery variety, shooting a long time. Conclusion Flame-induced hearing loss and artillery caliber, length of exposure and whether to wear protective equipment.