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希法亭的名著《金融资本》在发展马克思经典资本主义批判理论、创立现代资本主义批判理论方面的突出贡献和历史局限,在国内外马克思主义理论界得到了比较充分的讨论。但是,人们都没有看到希法亭在实现现代资本主义批判理论创新的同时,转换了马克思经典资本主义的理解模式:从生产过程转向流通过程,从经济关系转向财产关系。希法亭在资本主义理解模式方面的这种转换,有其哲学世界观上的深层根源。这就是其认识论上的实证主义、历史观上的理性主义和马克思主义观上的科学主义。
The outstanding contributions and historical limitations of Hilferding’s famous “financial capital” in the development of the critical theory of Marxist classical capitalism and the establishment of the critical theory of modern capitalism have been fully discussed in the Marxist theoretical circles at home and abroad. However, people did not see that while realizing the critical theory innovation of modern capitalism, Hilferding transforms the understanding model of Marxist classic capitalism: from production to circulation, from economic relations to property relations. This transformation of Shifatting’s mode of capitalist understanding has its deep roots in the philosophical worldview. This is the epistemological positivism, the rationalism in the view of history and the scientism in the Marxist view.