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一、德国医疗制度概况德国是通过法定的健康保险体系为公民提供卫生保健的。法律规定全体雇员及退休人员,凡收入低于一定标准者,就必须参加法定医疗保险。保险金按工资名单征收。月收入超过上述标准者和自己经营者(非雇员),可以参加法定医疗保险也可以参加私人医疗保险,或同时参加两个保险,以互相补充其不足。全国大约88％的人参加法定医疗保险,约有10％的人参加私人医疗保险。另有2％的人口享受免费卫生服务,如军人、警察、神职人员等。
I. Overview of the German medical system Germany provides health care for citizens through a statutory health insurance system. The law requires all employees and retirees to participate in statutory medical insurance if their income falls below a certain standard. Insurance premiums are collected on the payroll list. Those whose monthly income exceeds the above-mentioned standards and their own managers (non-employees) may participate in statutory medical insurance or private medical insurance, or may participate in two insurances at the same time to supplement each other’s deficiencies. About 88% of the people in the country participate in statutory health insurance, and about 10% of them participate in private medical insurance. Another 2% of the population enjoys free health services such as military personnel, police officers, and clergy.