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私人刑事调查作为自我保护与私力救济的重要手段,虽然迄今各国大多未对其实施全面统一规范,但在当下政治国家和市民社会分野的语境中,进行法制化具有强烈必要性。弥补政治国家缺陷、推动市民社会理性发展、实现政治国家与市民社会互相制衡都需要完成私人刑事调查法制化。我国私人刑事调查法制化的实现方略可从适当允许私力救济入宪、明确设立专门性的私人刑事调查法律和对私家侦探实施全行业特殊化监管三方面着手。
As an important means of self-protection and self-help relief, private criminal investigation has not yet been fully unified and standardized by most countries so far. However, in the context of the current political state and civil society, there is a strong necessity of legalization. To make up for the shortcomings of the political state, promote the rational development of civil society and realize the checks and balances between the political state and civil society, it is necessary to complete the legalization of private criminal investigation. The implementation of the legalization of private criminal investigation in our country can start from the appropriate aspects of allowing personal relief into the constitution, establishing a special private criminal investigation law and implementing special supervision of private detectives across the industry.