目的　探讨人α防御素ＨＮＰ１ 基因在气管上皮细胞转染表达的可行性。方法　采用脂质体转染法将ＨＮＰ１ ｃＤＮＡ 重组真核表达质粒ｐＢａｂｅＮｅｏＨＮＰ１ 导入无血清培养的人、兔气管粘膜上皮细胞，利用逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴＰＣＲ） 法及免疫组化法，分别在核酸水平及蛋白质水平检测ＨＮＰ１ 的表达。结果　用ＲＴＰＣＲ 在人和兔的转染上皮细胞总ＲＮＡ 提取物中均扩增出１ 条３１９ｂｐ 的ＤＮＡ 片段，与ＨＮＰ１ ｃＤＮＡ 片段大小一致， 而在未转染的上皮细胞总ＲＮＡ 中没有扩增出相应ＤＮＡ片段。免疫组化法检测到转染细胞呈强阳性反应，未转染细胞呈阴性反应，与ＲＴＰＣＲ 法检测的结果一致。结论　实验在ｍ ＲＮＡ 和蛋白质水平上均提示重组真核表达质粒ｐＢａｂｅＮｅｏＨＮＰ１ 转染气管粘膜上皮细胞后，能有效表达ＨＮＰ１ 分子。 Objective To investigate the feasibility of human α-defensin HNP1 gene transfection in tracheal epithelial cells. Methods The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pBabeNeoHNP1 of HNP1 cDNA was transfected into human and rabbit tracheal epithelial cells by lipofectaminemediated transfection. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) and immunohistochemistry Method to detect the expression of HNP1 at the nucleic acid level and the protein level respectively. Results RT-PCR in human and rabbit transfected epithelial total RNA extracts were amplified a 319bp DNA fragment, and HNP1 cDNA fragments of the same size, but not in the untransfected epithelial total RNA Add the corresponding DNA fragment. Immunohistochemistry showed that the transfected cells showed a strong positive reaction and the untransfected cells were negative, which was consistent with the results of RTPCR. Conclusions Both m RNA and protein levels suggest that the recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pBabeNeoHNP1 can effectively express HNP1 after transfection into the tracheal epithelial cells.