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2010年4月14日青海省玉树县发生了Ms7.1级地震,造成了大量学校建筑的严重破坏甚至倒塌。通过对玉树地震学校建筑震害的调研,进行了不同类别建筑结构震害指数与破坏机理的研究。研究结果表明,震害指数由低到高的结构依次为混凝土框架结构、实心砖混结构、砖木结构、空心砖混结构和土木结构。混凝土框架结构要严格按照强柱弱梁的抗震概念进行设计,加强填充墙与框架柱的连接;实心砖混结构、空心砖混结构应设置构造柱、圈梁、预制楼板拉结筋,增强房屋抗倒塌能力;空心砖混结构还要在砌块内腔配置足量的钢筋,提高砂浆强度;土木结构、砖木结构应从建筑材料、构造措施等方面予以加强。要研究适合当地特色的新型结构抗震体系,提高结构的抗震性能。
On April 14, 2010, an earthquake of magnitude Ms7.1 occurred in Yushu County, Qinghai Province, causing serious damage to or even collapse of a large number of school buildings. Through the investigation of earthquake damage in Yushu earthquake school, the damage index and damage mechanism of different types of building structures were studied. The results show that the structures with low to high earthquake damage index are concrete frame structure, solid brick-concrete structure, brick-wood structure, hollow brick-concrete structure and civil structure. Concrete frame structure should be strictly in accordance with the concept of strong column weak beam seismic design to strengthen the infill wall and the frame column connection; solid brick mixed structure, hollow brick structure should be set up structural columns, ring beam, prefabricated slab pull reinforcement, enhanced housing anti Collapse capacity; Hollow brick structure but also in the block cavity configuration enough steel, mortar strength increase; civil structure, brick and wood structure should be from the building materials, structural measures to be strengthened. It is necessary to study a new type of structural earthquake-resistant system that is suitable for the local characteristics and improve the seismic performance of the structure.