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微处理机作为计算机的心脏正在遇到自己家族中竞争对手的挑战,这个对手称为简化指令组计算机RISC 的处理机。从名称上看,它与通常的全指令组计算机的处理机相比,没有什么本质区别,然而在对某些课题进行运算时,其运算速度要比后者快十倍多。这就是 RISC 处理机得到迅猛发展的原因所在。RISC 处理机的指令组是经过简化的。RISC 是单板机,装有多片集成电路。目前已研制成功具有10万个及其以上功能单元的集成电路。采用这种片子构成的计算机每秒能处理多至1 700万条指令。
As the heart of the computer, microprocessors are encountering challenges from competitors in their own family, which is called the processor of the simplified instruction set computer RISC. From a name point of view, it has no essential difference from the processor of a general instruction group computer. However, in the calculation of certain topics, the operation speed is more than ten times faster than the latter. This is why RISC processors have been developing rapidly. The instruction set of the RISC processor is simplified. RISC is a single board machine with multiple integrated circuits. At present, integrated circuits with 100,000 or more functional units have been successfully developed. A computer constructed using such a chip can process up to 17 million instructions per second.