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氮肥是保证水稻高产的关键,但目前我国水稻氮素利用率偏低是亟待解决的问题,添加硝化抑制剂等为其提供了可行的解决手段。以硝化抑制剂2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶(En)为研究对象,通过田间试验,从土壤养分供应、水稻生长、产量构成和氮素利用方面做出综合评价,为其在水稻生产上推广应用提供科学依据。试验处理分别为单施化肥(CK)、基肥配施伴能(BF+En)、分蘖肥配施伴能(TF+En)、基肥和分蘖肥均配施伴能(BF+TF+En)。结果表明:在试验土壤肥力条件下,氮肥配施2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶能够增加水稻产量8.3%~12.7%,其中TF+En和BF+TF+En处理显著高于CK(P<0.05)。氮肥配施2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶可以促进水稻分蘖和有效穗数的增加,其中BF+TF+En处理孕穗期分蘖数和成熟期有效穗数均显著高于CK。与BF+En处理相比,TF+En处理每穗粒数显著增加。与CK相比,TF+En和BF+TF+En处理在成熟期地上部生物量分别增加13.3%和17.8%,其中BF+TF+En处理显著提高。氮肥配施2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶不仅可以增加水稻各生育期土壤碱解氮含量,而且对水稻氮吸收和氮肥利用效率具有显著影响,其中BF+TF+En处理地上部氮累积吸收总量和氮肥偏生产力显著高于CK。因此,在水稻生产上可推广使用2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶以促进水稻增产增效,尤其在分蘖肥期与氮肥配施效果最佳。
Nitrogen fertilizer is the key to ensure high yield of rice. However, at present, the problem of low utilization rate of nitrogen in rice in our country is an urgent problem to be solved. Adding nitrification inhibitors provides a feasible solution to this problem. The nitrification inhibitor 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine (En) was used as a research object to make a comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrient supply, rice growth, yield components and nitrogen utilization through field experiments. To promote the production of scientific basis. The treatments of CK, BF + En, TF + En, BF + TF + En, . The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer with 2-chloro-6-trichloropyridine could increase the yield of rice by 8.3% ~ 12.7% under the conditions of soil fertility. The treatment of TF + En and BF + TF + En was significantly higher than that of CK P <0.05). The application of nitrogen fertilizer with 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine can promote the tillering and the effective spike number of rice. Among them, the number of tillering at booting stage and the effective spike number at maturity of BF + TF + En were significantly higher than CK. Compared with BF + En treatment, the grain number per spike of TF + En treatment increased significantly. Compared with CK, the biomass of shoots increased by 13.3% and 17.8% at the mature stage in TF + En and BF + TF + En treatments, respectively, with BF + TF + En treatment significantly increased. The application of nitrogen fertilizer with 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine can not only increase the content of soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen in different growth stages of rice, but also have significant effects on the nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of rice. BF + TF + En Cumulative total absorption and nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity was significantly higher than CK. Therefore, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine can be popularized in rice production to promote rice yield and efficiency, especially at the tillering and nitrogen fertilizer application.