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通过对2007年中国近海表层海水调查数据剔除异常值,进行态性检验后,确定了近海表层海水主要参数的环境基线,初步探讨了环境基线值的区域差异、时间变化趋势及近海海水中各参数的污染状况。结果表明:近海表层海水基线值存在明显的区域差异,总体呈现渤海最高,黄东海次之、南海最低的分布特征;与1997年调查结果相比,黄海、东海、南海表层海水基线普遍升高,近海海水污染加重;海水严重污染海区出现在渤海近岸、山东半岛两侧近岸、连云港-福州近岸、长江口杭州湾、雷州半岛及广西沿岸海域,由人类活动引起的陆源排污是我国近岸海水污染加重的主要原因。最后,对调查数据进行主成分分析,进一步验证表明,陆源工业排污是海水环境基线升高的最主要原因,农业排污、生活污水及大气沉降也是海水环境污染基线变化的主要影响因素。
After removing the abnormal values from the 2007 survey data of surface seawater in China’s coastal waters, the environmental baseline of the main parameters of offshore surface seawater was determined and the environmental differences of baseline values, time trends and parameters of offshore seawater Pollution status. The results show that there are obvious regional differences in the baseline values of offshore surface seawater, showing the lowest distribution in the Bohai Sea, the second in the Huangdong Sea and the South China Sea. Compared with the 1997 survey results, the surface seawater baseline in the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea generally increases, Seawater pollution in offshore areas is aggravating; seawater severely polluted by seawater appears in the coastal areas of Bohai Sea, nearshore on both sides of Shandong Peninsula, Lianyungang-Fuzhou nearshore, Hangzhou Bay in the Yangtze River estuary, Leizhou Peninsula and Guangxi coast. The main reason for increased shore water pollution. Finally, the principal component analysis of the survey data, further verification shows that land-based industrial sewage is the main reason for the increase of the seawater environment baseline, agricultural sewage, domestic sewage and atmospheric deposition are also the main factors affecting the baseline changes of seawater environmental pollution.