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我院近年收治中毒型菌痢60例(下简称毒痢),1～6岁81例,7～16岁3例,青壮年20例,50岁以上6例。可见本病多发于1～6岁儿童。死亡1例,45例发病于6～9月份(75％)。 一、起病特点及主要临床表现 (一)突然高热 所有小儿均以突然高热发病,并伴有畏寒。5例成年患者以普通型菌痢开始,第二日转为中毒型,此型多数继发有循环衰竭。 (二)中枢神经中毒症状:小儿全部病例有精神萎靡、嗜睡。烦躁不安占50％,神志不清占18％,发生惊厥者20例,小儿病例占64.5％,惊厥发作前多有惊跳现象。如及时地给予有效的降温和镇静,可阻止惊厥发作。
In recent years, our hospital admitted 60 cases of poisoning bacillary dysentery (hereinafter referred to as poisoning dysentery), 81 cases of 1 to 6 years old, 3 cases of 7 to 16 years old, 20 cases of young and middle-aged, 6 cases over 50 years old. This disease can be seen in children aged 1 to 6. 1 case died, 45 cases occurred in 6 ~ September (75%). First, the onset characteristics and the main clinical manifestations (a) Sudden high fever All children with sudden onset of fever, accompanied by chills. 5 cases of adult patients with common bacillary dysentery started the second day into poisoning, the majority of this type of circulatory failure secondary. (B) symptoms of central nervous poisoning: pediatric cases of all apathetic, lethargy. Irritability accounted for 50%, unconsciousness accounted for 18%, 20 cases of convulsions, pediatric cases accounted for 64.5%, more than before the seizures onset phenomenon. Such as timely and effective cooling and sedation can stop the seizures.