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目的探讨胎儿心室强回声斑(echogenic intracardiac focus,EIF)的超声心动图检测的临床意义。方法应用胎儿超声心动图对5800例胎龄18~40周胎儿进行心脏筛查。观察EIF的发生率及相关超声心动图表现;综合胎儿系统筛查伴发其它系统畸形,并对单纯性EIF胎儿进行出生后追踪分析。结果共检出EIF胎儿130例(2.24%),其中左心室内1个强回声斑97例(74.62%),2个强回声斑10例(7.69%),多发强回声斑6例(4.61%);右心室1个强回声斑5例(3.85%),多发强回声斑3例(2.31%),双心室强回声斑9例(6.92%)。EIF合并其它部位畸形11例(8.46%)。对18例出生后单纯性EIF进行追踪随访,发现光斑消失10例,光斑继续存在8例;其中6例为腱索强回声,2例为乳头肌强回声斑。结论通过超声心动图探查发现的胎儿EIF位置、数量与胎儿心脏结构畸形相关性不大,合理评估胎儿EIF需结合产科系统筛查。单纯性EIF无其它系统畸形,预后良好,不提倡不合理的终止妊娠。
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF) in echocardiography. Methods Fetal echocardiography was used to screen 5800 fetal fetuses aged 18-40 weeks. Observe the incidence of EIF and related echocardiographic manifestations; comprehensive fetal system screening associated with other system deformities, and postnatal follow-up analysis of simple EIF fetuses. Results A total of 130 cases of EIF fetuses (2.24%) were detected. Among them, 97 cases (74.62%) had one strong echogenic spot in the left ventricle, 10 cases (7.69% ); 1 case of strong echo spots in the right ventricle (3.85%), multiple echogenic spots in 3 cases (2.31%) and biventricular echo spots in 9 cases (6.92%). EIF combined with other parts of the deformity in 11 cases (8.46%). Eighteen cases of postnatal simple EIF were followed up and found that the spot disappeared in 10 cases, the spot continued to exist in 8 cases; of which 6 cases of tendon hyperechoic, 2 cases of papillary muscle echo spots. Conclusions The fetal EIF location and quantity found by echocardiographic exploration are not related to the fetal heart structure deformity. A reasonable assessment of fetal EIF should be combined with the screening of the obstetric system. Simple EIF no other system deformity, the prognosis is good, does not promote unreasonable termination of pregnancy.